Privacy and Data Rights (HIPAA)

Your medical privacy rights and how to keep your health information safe

Why This Matters

Understanding your privacy rights is extremely important. These rules protect your personal health information and give you control over who can see your medical records. Knowing these rights helps keep you safe and protects your privacy.

Your Medical Privacy Rights

What Information is Protected

HIPAA protects all your personal health information. This includes:

  • Your medical records and health history
  • Bills and payment information
  • Conversations about your care
  • Any information that could identify you
Your Rights

Under HIPAA, you have important rights about your health information:

  • You can see your medical records
  • You can ask to fix mistakes
  • You can control who sees your information
  • You can file complaints if your rights are violated

Understanding HIPAA Protections

Your Specific Privacy Rights

Right to See Your Medical Records

What You Can See:

  • Medical and billing records
  • Lab results and X-ray reports
  • Prescription records
  • Treatment notes and care plans

How to Ask:

  • • Write a request
  • • Say which records you want
  • • Choose paper or electronic
  • • Show your ID

Time and Cost:

  • • 30 days to get your records
  • • Small copying fees allowed
  • • Electronic records often cheaper
  • • Free to search for records

Real-Life Privacy Scenarios

Scenario: Family Member Asks About You

Situation: Your adult child calls the hospital asking about your condition after you were admitted.

Your Rights

  • • You control who gets information
  • • You can say yes to specific people
  • • You can limit what is shared
  • • You can change your mind anytime

Hospital's Rules

  • • Cannot share without your permission
  • • Must check who is calling
  • • Can only share if you can't speak and it helps you
  • • Must write down what was shared

Scenario: Employer Asks for Medical Information

Situation: Your employer asks your doctor for details about your medical condition to figure out work accommodations.

HIPAA Protection

  • • Doctor cannot share without your written permission
  • • You control what information is shared
  • • Permission must be specific and have an end date
  • • You can limit sharing to only what's needed

Best Practices

  • • Only share what's needed for work
  • • Set an end date on permission
  • • Keep a copy of what you signed
  • • Talk to HR about your rights

Scenario: Immigration Officers Contact Hospital

Situation: Immigration officers contact a hospital asking for information about a patient's treatment and presence.

Strong HIPAA Protection

  • • Hospital cannot share information without your written permission or a court order
  • • HIPAA protections work for everyone, no matter your immigration status
  • • Hospital should talk to a lawyer before sharing anything
  • • You have the right to know if information was shared

Filing Privacy Complaints

Federal Government Office

File complaints about HIPAA violations with the federal office that enforces privacy rules.

How to File:

  • • Online at HHS.gov/ocr
  • • By mail or fax
  • • Must file within 180 days
  • • Free to file

What You Need:

  • • Name of hospital or doctor
  • • What happened
  • • When it happened
  • • Your contact information
Provider's Privacy Officer

Every hospital and doctor's office must have a privacy officer to handle complaints.

Why File Here:

  • • Faster solution possible
  • • Talk directly with provider
  • • May stop future problems
  • • Can file here AND with federal government

What to Include:

  • • Detailed description of what happened
  • • Names of staff involved
  • • Date and time
  • • What you want to happen
How to Contact

Ask your healthcare provider for their Privacy Officer's contact information. It should be in their privacy notice or at the front desk.